SKU: 90437441369

Ballot Battles: The History of Disputed Elections in the United States

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Ballot Battles: The History of Disputed Elections in the United StatesThe 2000 presidential race resulted in the highest profile ballot battle in over a century. But it is far from the only American election determined by a handful of votes and marred by claims of fraud. Since the founding of the nation, violence frequently erupted as the votes were being counted, and more than a few elections produced manifestly unfair results. Despite America's claim to be the world's greatest democracy, its adherence to the basic

The 2000 presidential race resulted in the highest-profile ballot battle in over a century. But it is far from the only American election determined by a handful of votes and marred by claims of fraud. Since the founding of the nation, violence frequently erupted as the votes were being counted, and more than a few elections produced manifestly unfair results. Despite America's claim to be the world's greatest democracy, its adherence to the basic tenets of democratic elections-the ability to count ballots accurately and fairly even when the stakes are high-has always been shaky. A rigged gubernatorial election in New York in 1792 nearly ended in calls for another revolution, and an 1899 gubernatorial race even resulted in an assassination. Though acts of violence have decreased in frequency over the past century, fairness and accuracy in ballot counting nonetheless remains a basic problem in American political life.

In Ballot Battles, Edward Foley presents a sweeping history of election controversies in the United States, tracing how their evolution generated legal precedents that ultimately transformed how we determine who wins and who loses. While weaving a narrative spanning over two centuries, Foley repeatedly returns to an originating event: because the Founding Fathers despised parties and never envisioned the emergence of a party system, they wrote a constitution that did not provide clear solutions for high-stakes and highly-contested elections in which two parties could pool resources against one another. Moreover, in the American political system that actually developed, politicians are beholden to the parties which they represent - and elected officials have typically had an outsized say in determining the outcomes of extremely close elections that involve recounts. This underlying structural problem, more than anything else, explains why intense ballot battles that leave one side feeling aggrieved will continue to occur for the foreseeable future.

American democracy has improved dramatically over the last two centuries. But the same cannot be said for the ways in which we determine who wins the very close races. From the founding until today, there has been little progress toward fixing the problem. Indeed, supporters of John Jay in 1792 and opponents of Lyndon Johnson in the 1948 Texas Senate race would find it easy to commiserate with Al Gore after the 2000 election. Ballot Battles is not only the first full chronicle of contested elections in the US. It also provides a powerful explanation of why the American election system has been-and remains-so ineffective at deciding the tightest races in a way that all sides will agree is fair.

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SKU: 90437441369

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Sowmi
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 5
It’s wonderful!!
Size: 2' x 3' (Single Pelt), Color: Brown, Size: 2' x 3' (Single Pelt), Color: Brown
The product is wonderful! You know it is real, coz the smell doesn’t go away. I use it to meditate and cannot how nicely it created the perfect comforting barrier to help elevate my experience. I however want to find alternatives coz I stopped using animal products after turning a vegetarian. The size (it is bigger in person than in the pic) and color(brown) are perfect for what I do and doesn’t need much/any maintenance! The white however needs a lot of attention and care.I’m sure it would last a decade and the weight is just right too!
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Reviewed in the United States on April 16, 2026
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Amazon buyer
New York, US
★★★★★ 5
Beautiful lux sheepskin, you won't be disappointed!
Size: Single Pelt/2 ft x 3 ft, Color: Grey
I just got this today, 2 day delivery. It's a beautiful silver grey 2'x3', no smell, no shedding, super soft and has a luxurious feel. I can't believe it's real and so affordable! I have it draped on an ottoman in front of the couch. I love it and already want to buy a few more for my mid century modern couch and chairs. So chic! Highly recommend!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 9, 2026
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McDaniel Irvin
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 5
Soft and great quality
Size: Single Pelt/2 ft x 3 ft, Color: Blue, Size: Single Pelt/2 ft x 3 ft, Color: Blue
Beautiful and very soft. Love the color
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Reviewed in the United States on February 2, 2026
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Dawn
Bozeman, US
★★★★★ 4
Very nice if you aren't too pick on actual color.
Size: Single Pelt/2 ft x 3 ft, Color: Blue
Colors may vary. I really liked this, it was the perfect size and that perfect combination of soft and fluffy, but not being "too fluffy" and looking like a shaggy dog that needed a haircut. My only complaint was the color. Supposed to be blue, and I know monitors and lighting distort stuff but this was an obvious turquoise/teal. Much much greener than I was looking for. I could have made any variant of an actual blue work from powder baby to practically navy, but not this. I had to return, but other than the color, this seemed to be a very nice rug. Sad the color was so off.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2025
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Mary
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 5
Very Nice
Size: Double Pelt/2 ft x 6 ft, Color: Mocha
Great in my office chair for added comfort
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Reviewed in the United States on April 9, 2026

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