SKU: 99829330618

How Not to Network a Nation: The Uneasy History of the Soviet Internet

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How Not to Network a Nation: The Uneasy History of the Soviet InternetHow, despite thirty years of effort, Soviet attempts to build a national computer network were undone by socialists who seemed to behave like capitalists. Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American

How, despite thirty years of effort, Soviet attempts to build a national computer network were undone by socialists who seemed to behave like capitalists.

Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation--to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists.

After examining the midcentury rise of cybernetics, the science of self-governing systems, and the emergence in the Soviet Union of economic cybernetics, Peters complicates this uneasy role reversal while chronicling the various Soviet attempts to build a "unified information network." Drawing on previously unknown archival and historical materials, he focuses on the final, and most ambitious of these projects, the All-State Automated System of Management (OGAS), and its principal promoter, Viktor M. Glushkov. Peters describes the rise and fall of OGAS--its theoretical and practical reach, its vision of a national economy managed by network, the bureaucratic obstacles it encountered, and the institutional stalemate that killed it. Finally, he considers the implications of the Soviet experience for today's networked world.

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SKU: 99829330618

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Robin Weesner
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 3
Could be more durable.
Color: A-Navy
It’s not as durable as I’d hoped. I’ve had to mend it. It’s cute, though, and my dog likes it. He’s an Aussie, so not great bite strength.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 28, 2026
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Josefin Olsson
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 2
Cute but disappointing
Color: C-Navy+Oak, Color: C-Navy+Oak
One of my dogs love these however they are far from indestructible. Two days after giving the teddy to him, the tail of the teddy is off and there is a rip by one of the arms. They are very cute teddies but not for heavy chewers as they will only last a few days.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2026
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FORESTVILLE MOM
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 4
Nothing is indestructible
Color: D-Purple
Adorable. Looks just like the photo. My 15# JRT loves it! however the tail and one ear were gone in a matter of minutes. It’s his toy so I’m just monitoring his time with it as it’s his favorite 😍
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Reviewed in the United States on May 6, 2026
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Alex
Pawtucket, US
★★★★★ 5
Our Pit Bull’s Favorite Toy!
Color: A-Navy, Color: A-Navy
We absolutely love this MAXBECK bear toy! We’ve ordered it 4 times over the last 8 months because our senior pit bull is obsessed with his “babies.” He always has one close to him and even cuddles with them. The material is very sturdy and holds up amazingly well even with rough play. My dog’s favorite part is the squeaker. What I love most is that even after he finally tears into it, the rope built inside becomes a whole second toy for him and keeps the fun going. If you have a heavy chewer who destroys toys quickly, this one is definitely worth trying!
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Reviewed in the United States on June 1, 2026
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MEV
Chelsea, US
★★★★★ 3
Not indestructible
Color: C-Navy+Oak, Color: C-Navy+Oak
I assume it is probably hard to create an indestructible product, but my puppy had it apart in no time.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 10, 2026

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