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Chronology of Innovation: Vol I, Drainage Systems, by R. Dale OlsonCHRONOLOGY OF INNOVATION UNITED STATES PATENTS RELATED TO THE TRUMPET 1848 2014 VOLUME I: DRAINAGE SYSTEMS R. DALE OLSON R. Dale Olson's Chronology of Innovation is a series of writings that describes and critiques every United States patent even granted related to the trumpet and other brass musical instruments. Completed, the work will represent the largest writing of its kind related to technology of brass instruments. The author, R. Dale Olson,
CHRONOLOGY OF INNOVATION
UNITED STATES PATENTS RELATED TO THE TRUMPET
1848 – 2014
VOLUME I: DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
R. DALE OLSON
R. Dale Olson's “Chronology of Innovation” is a series of writings that describes and critiques every United States patent even granted related to the trumpet and other brass musical instruments. Completed, the work will represent the largest writing of its kind related to technology of brass instruments.
The author, R. Dale Olson, has categorized patents according to a system that differs from that of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, so as to be more accessible to musicians.
The first book in this series relates to “Drainage Systems”, or, more prosaically, “water-keys”. Not all fluids accumulated within the interior of brass instruments may be removed using a traditional water-key. Some fluids escape through the valves, leading to a second category of “drainage devices” that are typically located under the valve section, not within the bore.
Prior literature on the subject is restricted to a very few passing mentions concerning this overlooked, but crucial, element within the design of brass instruments. To compensate for this deficit, Olson has created a 158-page book that provides a comprehensive treatment of this aspect of brass instrument design. Provided is an historic underlayment of the issue, a chapter concerning the acoustical concomitants of the water-key, and critiques of each of 51 inventions that have been accorded a United States patent.
Chapters include
- An Overview of Drainage Devices
- A List of All United States Patents Related to Drainage Devices
- Seven Appendices
- A Comprehensive Name Index
- A Complete Bibliography and References
The first United States patent describing a drainage device was an invention by George F. Dallon of Flatbush, New York, on April 21, 1863, and the most recent at the time of publication was by Titus Hutchinson, Sr. of Jacksonville, Florida on December 11, 2014. In the intervening 151 years, drainage devices were invented that included “passive” designs which simply accumulated moisture and “active” inventions requiring the continual operation by the performer. These devices have been located on nearly every part of a trumpet, including one invention that proposed three “discharge valves” or “spheres” positioned on the leadpipe/tuning slide alone!
Only a very few patents address the issue of potential acoustical effects resulting from a water-key, but Olson has explored the subject in detail.
CHRONOLOGY OF INNOVATION: AN OVERVIEW
A SERIES OF WRITINGS BY R. DALE OLSON
“Chronology of Innovation” is a series of writings that describes and critiques every United States patent even granted related to the trumpet and other brass musical instruments. Completed, the work will represent the largest writing of its kind related to technology of brass instruments.
The author, R. Dale Olson, has categorized patents according to a system that differs from that of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, so as to be more accessible to musicians.
Olson has long been recognized as one of the foremost international authorities regarding the design, acoustics, construction, history, and performance of the trumpet. He holds Masters degrees in Trumpet Performance from the University of North Texas, and in Experimental Psychology from California State University, Fullerton. He has lectured at numerous universities, and multiple presentations to the International Trumpet Guild. At the age of 25, Olson became Director of Research for the firm of F.E. Olds and Son, Inc., and has consulted with other makers over a career now covering over seven decades. His professional performing career covered over fifty years. After extensive research and active participation in the field of brass instrument technology, some of Olson’s selected works are now being published. His writings have been referred to as “…paradigms of precision in research and writing”.
The total number of each Volume within the “Chronology of Innovation” series will approximate 10 – 15. Volume I, “Drainage Systems”, was published in 2018, and Volume II, “The Trumpet Mute” is being announced in October, 2020. Volume III, the title and subject of which has not yet been disclosed, is anticipated to be available early in 2021.
Each Volume contains an exceptionally full background of each subject, including the history, design, acoustical implications, and context of the subject patent. The original graphic from the original United Sates patent, with a full description and critique of each invention is provided.
The length of each Volume differs as a function of the subject matter. Volume I, “Drainage Systems” is a 158 page book, whereas Volume II, “The Trumpet Mute” is 441 pages. Subjects that have fewer patents, such as “Cybernetics and Ergonomics”, will obviously be shorter, whereas those with numerous patents, such as “The Trumpet Mouthpiece”, will be much longer.
Musicologists, collectors, organologists, instrument makers, pedagogues, and performers have already begun to acquire this large collection of brass instrument technology.
R. DALE OLSON
Holding and Master’s Degrees in Trumpet Performance (University of North Texas), and Experimental Psychology (California State University, Fullerton), R. Dale Olson brings a new level of expertise to the fields of brass instrument acoustics, design, construction, history, and performance. In 2007, he was named Distinguished Alumnus of the University of North Texas.
Over a period in excess of sixty years, Olson has been co-researcher in brass instrument acoustics and design with Dr. Robert W. Young (then President of the Acoustical Society of America), acoustician William T. Cardwell, Jr., and instrument maker Zigmant J. Kanstul.
He has delivered lectures at numerous Universities and over ten presentations at International Trumpet Guild Conferences.
Although now retired from performance, Olson performed professionally on trumpet for over 60 years in all genres.
Olson was Director of Research for the firm, F.E. Olds and Son, Inc. for nearly a decade, and later consulted on instrument design and testing for firms such as Besson and Kanstul.
His writings are examples of in-depth, deeply researched, precise works that expand the boundaries of the subjects at hand, and are not simplistic restatements of previous authors. Olson’s works typically carry large numbers of references, indices, and appendices to assist in future scholarly investigations.
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4.2 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Extremely durable, dogs love them
Color: 2 PC-Beef-Red, Color: 2 PC-Beef-Red
I was looking for the toughest and most durable dog chew bone I could find and this is it. I have bought multiple other brands that claim to be very durable and tough for a very long time and this is the one for sure. The shower has described this phone accurately and it truly does last. I purchased this bone about 2 months ago. As you see from the photos attached, this is a very well made chew bone and my aggressive pitbulls can't tear it apart do they try. They never get tired of it and chewing it every single day for hours on and keeping them very occupied. I have two bones and three pitbulls that chew on it every day. It is so adorable and has an awesome flavor to it which I think entices them even more to want to chew on it. The durability and Lasting power is amazing to me with these tough chewers. I highly recommend this product to everyone out there. I will say only one negative and that is that the middle wraparound piece they were able to pull off but that is not a big deal because there is plenty of bone which was under that cover in the middle of the bone. There's a few mauled chips missing from the ends but the life of this bone is obviously going to be a long time which really surprised me. Give it a shot if you have heavy duty chewers and you will find how awesome this phone really is and it's durability and strength our second to none in my opinion.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 5, 2025
★★★★★ 5
My dog loves it.
Color: 1 PC-Beef-Red
My dog is a super aggressive chewer when it comes to toys. Anything that is soft he rips apart. This one has a wonderful squeaky sound that makes him happy and he enjoys the smell of it. This is a very strong material and definitely worth the price.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 10, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Durable!
Color: 1 PC-Beef-Red
Alright, here's a product review for those Tough Dog Toys:
Finally, a Toy That Survives My Monster! - Tough Dog Toys Review
As the owner of a determined (and I mean determined) large breed chewer, finding toys that last longer than five minutes has been a constant and often frustrating quest. I've gone through countless plush toys ripped to shreds, rubber toys with chunks missing, and even some "indestructible" toys that met their demise far too quickly. That's why I was both hopeful and skeptical when I came across the Tough Dog Toys, designed specifically for aggressive chewers and large breeds.
Let me tell you, these bone-shaped nylon toys are living up to their name. My power-chewing Labrador has been going at this thing for days now, and I'm genuinely impressed. Where other toys have succumbed to his relentless gnawing, the Tough Dog Toy has held its own. There are some minor teeth marks, as expected, but absolutely no significant damage, no pieces torn off, and no signs of imminent destruction. "Almost indestructible" might actually be an understatement!
The design is simple but effective. The solid nylon construction feels incredibly durable, and the bone shape is easy for my dog to grip and maneuver. It's also a good size for a large breed – substantial enough that he can really get a good chew going without it disappearing in his mouth.
What I appreciate most is the peace of mind this toy provides. I no longer have to constantly supervise playtime, fearing that he'll ingest pieces of a destroyed toy. This feels like a safe and long-lasting option for even the most enthusiastic chewers.
Pros:
* Truly durable – stands up to aggressive chewing from a large breed.
* Solid nylon construction feels virtually indestructible.
* Safe design with no small parts to break off.
* Good size and shape for large dogs to grip and enjoy.
* Provides long-lasting entertainment.
Cons:
* May show some teeth marks over time (though this hasn't compromised its integrity).
* It's a fairly hard material, so dogs who prefer softer toys might not be as interested.
Overall:
If you're at your wit's end trying to find a toy that can withstand your aggressive chewing large breed dog, I highly recommend giving the Tough Dog Toys a try. This bone toy has proven to be the most durable option we've encountered, offering excellent value for money and, most importantly, a safe and engaging chewing experience for your furry friend. Five out of five paws!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 16, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Very well made chew bone!
Color: 1 PC-Beef-Red
Great durable, very well made chew bone! Our dog usually tears up all his toys within a few minutes or sometimes hours after he gets them. He’s had this bone for a few days and it’s still in one piece. Except for the rubber that’s in the middle, he chewed up in a couple of days. I would definitely buy more chew toys made by this company! Well worth the money!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026
★★★★★ 3
The rubber middle is not durable, it lasted less than 3 hours.
Color: 1 PC-Beef-Red
I bought this as I have bully/husky puppies (9 months old) and a pitt/doberman (9 years old). They are heavy chewers and destroy everything. I saw a video of this toy. The woman said that her dog chewed on it for a while (about 2 hours or so) she showed the ends visibly chewed, which I expect but it was holding up. The rubber middle seemed to hold up to. I received this yesterday. I had to take it away from them last night as they were chewing the rubber middle off. They had it maybe 3 hours. I didn't give it a lower star score as I will just cut the rubber off and give it back to them. So I was disappointed in the rubber middle not being more durable but the hard plastic it's made from is the strong material they need.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 16, 2026
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