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Description
Rat PAI1 ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample handling and requirements: Plasma: Collect the specimen using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge at 1000g for 15 minutes at 2 8C within 30 minutes of collection. Remove the supernatant for testing or store at
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample handling and requirements: Plasma: Collect the specimen using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge at 1000×g for 15 minutes at 2-8°C within 30 minutes of collection. Remove the supernatant for testing or store at -20°C or -80°C, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare a gradient standard working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard. Let stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration 20 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 20 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500 μL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500 μL of the 20 ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 10 ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a capture antibody against Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI1). After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by peroxidase (HRP) catalysis and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI1) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Rat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Rat Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), also known as endothelial prothrombin activator inhibitor or serum protein E1, is a protein encoded by the SERPINE1 gene. Elevated PAI-1 is a risk factor for thrombosis and atherosclerosis. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that functions as the primary inhibitor of tissue prothrombin activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the latter of which is a prothrombin activator and thus a factor in fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). It is a serpin protein (SERPINE1). Another PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), is secreted by the placenta and is present in significant amounts only during pregnancy. Furthermore, protease inhibitors act as inhibitors of tPA and urokinase. However, PAI-1 is the primary inhibitor of plasminogen activators. The PAI-1 gene, SERPINE1, is located on chromosome 7 (7q21.3-q22). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.31-20 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | plasma |
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4.1 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
high-quality, comfortable socks
Size: Medium, Color: Coyote Brown 4 Pairs
The Army Demi Season Breathable Over The Calf Uniform Boot Socks are a must-have for anyone in need of high-quality, comfortable socks for military or tactical use. Here's why I highly recommend them:
Pros:
1. **Breathable Design**: These socks feature a breathable construction that helps regulate temperature and moisture, keeping your feet cool and dry even during long hours of wear. This is essential for maintaining comfort and preventing sweat-related issues such as blisters or odors.
2. **Over-The-Calf Length**: The over-the-calf length of these socks provides additional protection and support, helping to prevent chafing and irritation caused by boots or other footwear. It also ensures a secure fit that stays in place throughout the day.
3. **Durable Material**: Made from high-quality materials such as cotton, polyester, and spandex, these socks are built to withstand the rigors of military or tactical use. They hold up well to repeated washing and wear, maintaining their shape and integrity over time.
4. **Cushioned Sole**: The cushioned sole provides added comfort and support, reducing fatigue and impact on your feet during extended periods of standing or walking. It also helps absorb shock and prevent soreness or discomfort.
5. **Versatile Use**: While designed for military or tactical use, these socks are also suitable for various outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, or hunting. Their durable construction and performance features make them a versatile choice for any demanding environment.
Cons:
1. **Limited Color Options**: These socks typically come in standard military colors such as black, green, or coyote brown, which may not appeal to everyone's personal style preferences. However, the focus is on functionality rather than fashion.
2. **Sizing**: Some users may find that the sizing runs slightly large or small, depending on individual foot dimensions. It's essential to consult the manufacturer's sizing chart and reviews to ensure the best fit.
Overall, the Army Demi Season Breathable Over The Calf Uniform Boot Socks offer superior comfort, durability, and performance for military, tactical, or outdoor use. Their breathable design, over-the-calf length, and cushioned sole make them an essential component of any uniform or gear kit.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 17, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Good value.
Size: Medium, Color: Coyote Brown 4 Pairs
These socks are really sturdy and comfortable for the feet.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Durability
Size: Large, Color: Coyote Brown 4 Pairs
Love these socks. They’re super comfortable & very durable.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 20, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Buen material
Size: Small, Color: Stone Grey 1 Pair
Son cómodas y de buen material.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Great value and fit!!
Size: Small, Color: Stone Grey 1 Pair
Excellent socks for the price!! Fast shipping with Prime!
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Reviewed in the United States on January 17, 2026
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