Human Insulin Serum & Plasma OneStep ELISA Kit

Human insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, playing a fundamental role in regulating glucose homeostasis. It functions as a key anabolic signal by facilitating the cellular uptake of glucose, particularly in muscle and adipose tissue, and promoting its conversion into glycogen for storage in the liver. Insulin also inhibits processes such as gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. Structurally, it consists of two polypeptide chains, an A chain and a B chain, linked together by disulfide bonds, which are derived from the proteolytic cleavage of a single precursor molecule called proinsulin. A deficiency in insulin production or action leads to hyperglycemia and the development of diabetes mellitus. Consequently, exogenous insulin administration is a life-saving therapy for individuals with Type 1 diabetes and is also used in advanced Type 2 diabetes. Modern therapeutic advancements have led to various insulin analogs engineered for specific pharmacokinetic profiles, such as rapid-acting or long-acting formulations, allowing for more precise glycemic control.